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 ±¹Á¦¹ý ¿¬±¸ÀÚ·á - ¹Ì±¹Çü»ç¼Ò¼Û 6. Criminal Complaint
ÀÛ¼ºÀÚ  °ü¸®ÀÚ ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ   2023-03-06 13:26:13
ȨÆäÀÌÁö   ÷ºÎÆÄÀÏ   Ã·ºÎÆÄÀÏ ¾øÀ½
- Written by Salomone Donghwa Shin / International Legal Research Institute. www.ilri.co.kr



Criminal Complaint

Form Number: AO 91

Category: Law Enforcement, Grand Jury, and Prosecution Forms

Effective onNovember 1, 2011


2023³â 3¿ù 6ÀÏ ÇöÀç ¹Ì±¹ ¹ý¿ø¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÁßÀÎ Çü»ç¼Ò¼Û ¼­½Ä Criminal Complaint ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

    Çü»ç°í¹ß Criminal Complaint ´Â °í¼ÒÀÎ complainant ÀÌ ÇÇÀÇÀÚ accused (¹üÁ˸¦ ÀúÁö¸¥ °³ÀÎÀ̳ª Áý´Ü) ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °í¼Ò¸¦ Á¦±âÇϱâ À§ÇØ °Ë»ç°¡ Á¦ÃâÇÑ ±â¼Ò ¹®¼­¸¦ ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
    °í¼ÒÀå¿¡´Â ÇÇÀÇÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ÇøÀǸ¦ ¼³¸íÇÏ°í, ¹üÇà ³¯Â¥¿Í Àå¼Ò, ÇøÀǸ¦ µÞ¹ÞħÇÏ´Â ÁõÀÎÀ̳ª Áõ°Å µî °í¼Ò¸¦ À§ÇÑ Á¤º¸, ±×¸®°í À¯ÁË ÆÇ°áÀ» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ºÎ°úµÉ ¼ö Àִ ó¹úÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¹üÁË ÇøÀǸ¦ ±âÀçÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
    Çü»ç°í¹ßÀÌ Á¦±âµÇ¸é ÆÇ»ç´Â Áõ°Å¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ°í ÇøÀÇ°¡ ÀÔÁõµÇ¸é üÆ÷ ¿µÀåÀÌ ¹ßºÎµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
    ÇÇÀÇÀÚ´Â ¹«Á˸¦ ÁÖÀåÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í ÇÕÀÇ°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁöÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì ÀçÆÇÀÌ ÁøÇàµË´Ï´Ù.

    ´ÙÀ½Àº ¹Ì±¹ ´ë¹ý¿øÀÇ Çü»ç°í¹ß Criminal Complaint °ü·Ã ÆÇ·ÊÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
    1. United States v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº Çü»ç ÀçÆÇ¿¡¼­ Áõ°Å¸¦ Á¦°øÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¹Ì±¹ ´Ð½¼ ´ëÅë·ÉÀ» ¼ÒȯÇÏ·Á°í Çü»ç°í¹ßÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÆÇ°á. ´ë¹ý¿øÀº "ÇàÁ¤Æ¯±Ç¿øÄ¢ doctrine of executive privilege" ÀÌ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ ¹üÁ˼ö»ç¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ Áõ°Å¸¦ º¸·ù withhold evidence ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» Çã¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í ÆÇ°á.
    2. United States v. Alvarez, 567 U.S. 709 (2012). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ¹«°øÈÆÀå¼ö¿©  receiving military honors ¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇãÀ§ Áø¼úÀ» ¹üÁË·Î ±ÔÁ¤ÇÑ Stolen Valor Act ¹ýÀÌ ¼öÁ¤ Çå¹ý Á¦1Á¶¸¦ À§¹ÝÇß´ÂÁö ¿©ºÎ¸¦ °í·ÁÇßÀ½. ÀÌ ¹ýÀÌ ½ÇÁúÀûÀÎ Çظ¦ ³¢Ä¡Áö ¾Ê´Â ¹ß¾ðÀ» ó¹úÇÏ°í ¹ß¾ð Á¦ÇÑÀ» Á¤´çÈ­ÇÏ´Â "°­·ÂÇÑ ÀÌÀÍ compelling interest" À» ±¸¼ºÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡ À§ÇåÀ̶ó°í ÆÇ°á.
    3. United States v. Enmons, 410 U.S. 396 (1973). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ³ëÁ¶ °£ºÎ°¡ È©½º¹ý Hobbs Act ¿¡ µû¶ó °¥Ãë ÇøÀÇ·Î ±â¼ÒµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¿©ºÎ¸¦ °í·ÁÇßÀ½. ´ë¹ý¿øÀº Hobbs Act ÀÌ ºÒ¹ýÀûÀÎ ¼ö´ÜÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ³ëÁ¶¸¦ À§ÇØ Á¤´çÇÑ ÀÌÀÍÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â ³ëÁ¶ °£ºÎ¿¡°Ô´Â Àû¿ëÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í ÆÇ°á.
    4. United States v. Gottesman, 724 F.2d 1517 (11th Cir. 1984). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ÇÇ°í Gottesman ´Â Á¶ÇÕÀÚ±ÝȾ·É embezzlement of union funds ÇøÀÇ·Î ±â¼ÒµÇ¾ú°í ÇÇ°íÀÎÀº °í¼Ò¿¡¼­ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â »ç½Ç¿¡ ±¸Ã¼Àû Áø¼úÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸ç °í¼Ò°¡ ºÒÃæºÐÇÏ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇßÀ½. ÀÌ¿¡ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº Çü»ç °í¹ßÀº ÇÇ°íÀÇ ÇøÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ "°øÁ¤ÇÑ ÅëÁö fair notice" ¸¸ ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù°í ÇÇ°íÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ» ±â°¢.
    5. Miranda v. Arizona (1966). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ¹üÁË¿ëÀÇÀÚ criminal suspects °¡ °æÂûÀǽɹ®À»¹Þ±âÀü¿¡ before they are questioned by police ÀÚ½ÅÀDZǸ®¸¦°íÁö¹Þ¾Æ¾ß must be informed of their rights ÇÑ´Ù°í ÆÇ°á. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±Ç¸®¿¡ ¹¬ºñ±Ç the right to remain silent °ú º¯È£»ç¸¦¼±ÀÓÇұǸ® the right to an attorney °¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÊ.
    6. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº Çü»çÇÇ°íÀÎ criminal defendants ÀÌ »çÁ¤»ó º¯È£»ç¸¦¼±ÀÓÇÒ¼ö¾ø´õ¶óµµ º¯È£»ç¼±ÀӱǸ®°¡ÀÖ´Ù  have the right to an attorney, even if they cannot afford one °í ÆÇ°áÇÔ. ÀÌ °áÁ¤Àº Çü»ç»ç°Ç¿¡¼­ºó¹Îº¯È£ÀÇ¿øÄ¢À»È®¸³ This decision established the principle of indigent defense in criminal cases.ÇßÀ½.
    7. Batson v. Kentucky (1986). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº °Ë»ç°¡ prosecutors ÀÎÁ¾¸¸À»±Ù°Å·Î based solely on their race Àû°Ý¹è½É¿ø potential jurors À» ¹èÁ¦ÇϱâÀ§ÇØ to remove °­Á¦±âÇÇ peremptory challenges ¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù°í ÆÇ°á. ÀÌ °áÁ¤À¸·Î ¹è½É¿ø¼±Á¤°úÁ¤¿¡¼­ÀÎÁ¾Â÷º°À»¹æÁö to combat racial discrimination in the jury selection process ÇÏ°Ô µÊ.
    8. Terry v. Ohio (1968). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº °æÂûÀÌ °³ÀÎÀ̹üÁËÈ°µ¿¿¡¿¬·çµÇ¾îÀÖ´Ù°íÇÕ¸®ÀûÀ¸·ÎÀǽɵǴ°æ¿ì if they have reasonable suspicion that the person is involved in criminal activity °³ÀÎÀ»Àá½Ã±¸±ÝÇÏ°í¼ö»öÀ»Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â allows police officers to briefly detain and search individuals "½Åü°Ë»ö¹×¾Ð¼ö"¿øÄ¢À»È®¸³ established the "stop and frisk" doctrine ÇßÀ½.
    9. District of Columbia v. Heller (2008). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ¹Ì±¹¼öÁ¤Çå¹ýÁ¦2Á¶ the Second Amendment of the United States Constitution °¡ °¡Á¤³»¿¡¼­ÀÚ±â¹æ¾î¿Í°°Àº such as self-defense in the home ÇÕ¹ýÀûÀθñÀûÀ»À§ÇØ °³ÀÎÀÌÃѱ⸦¼ÒÁöÇÒ¼öÀִ±Ǹ®¸¦º¸È£ protects an individual's right to possess a firearm for lawful purposes ÇÑ´Ù°í ÆÇ°á.


   




AO 91 (Rev. 11/11) Criminal Complaint


UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

for the

__________ District of __________



United States of America

v.

.....................................................
Defendant(s)


Case No.



CRIMINAL COMPLAINT


I, the complainant in this case, state that the following is true to the best of my knowledge and belief.
On or about the date(s) of ..................    ........................................... in the county of ..................................................................... in the
District of ..................................................................... , the defendant(s) violated:


Code Section                                                Offense Description

.........................................                    ...................................................................

.........................................                    ...................................................................

.........................................                    ...................................................................



This criminal complaint is based on these facts:

......................................................................
......................................................................
.

......................................................................
......................................................................
.



¤± Continued on the attached sheet.
                                                      .......................................................
                                                        Complainant¡¯s signature

                                                      .....................................................
                                                        Printed name and title


Sworn to before me and signed in my presence.


Date: ..........................................                  ...........................................................
                                                          Judge¡¯s signature

                                 
City and state: ..............................              ..........................................................
                                                        Printed name and titl











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