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 ±¹Á¦¹ý ¿¬±¸ÀÚ·á - ¹Ì±¹Çü»ç¼Ò¼Û 2. Consent to Proceed Before a Magistrate Judge in a Misdemeanor Case
ÀÛ¼ºÀÚ  °ü¸®ÀÚ ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ   2023-02-01 06:56:56
ȨÆäÀÌÁö   ÷ºÎÆÄÀÏ   Ã·ºÎÆÄÀÏ ¾øÀ½
- Written by Salomone Donghwa Shin / International Legal Research Institute. www.ilri.co.kr



Consent to Proceed Before a Magistrate Judge in a Misdemeanor Case

Form Number: AO 86A

Category: Defendant Consent and Waiver Forms

Effective onJanuary 1, 2009


2023³â 2¿ù 1ÀÏ ÇöÀç ¹Ì±¹ ¹ý¿ø¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÁßÀÎ Çü»ç¼Ò¼Û Consent to Proceed Before a Magistrate Judge in a Misdemeanor Case ¼­½ÄÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

    °æ¹üÁË»ç°ÇÄ¡¾ÈÆÇ»ç󸮵¿ÀǼ­ Consent to Proceed Before a Magistrate Judge in a Misdemeanor Case ´Â ÇÇ°íÀÎÀÌ °æ¹üÁË »ç°ÇÀ» Áö¹ýÆÇ»ç district judge ´ë½Å¿¡ Ä¡¾ÈÆÇ»ç magistrate judge ¿¡°Ô ½É¸®Çϵµ·Ï ¼±ÅÃÇÏ°Ú´Ù´Â ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀÎ Á¤º¸¿¡ ±â¹ÝÇÑ ¹ýÀû µ¿ÀǼ­ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
    ¸¹Àº °æ¹üÁË  misdemeanor »ç°Çµé¿¡¼­ ÇÇ°íÀÎÀº Áö¹ýÆÇ»çÀǽɸ®¸¦¹ÞÀ»±Ç¸® the right to have their case heard by a district judge ¸¦ Æ÷±âÇÏ°í magistrate judge °¡ »ç°ÇÀ» ½É¸®Çϵµ·Ï ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
    Ä¡¾ÈÆÇ»ç magistrate judge ´Â Áö¹ýÆÇ»ç district judge ÀÇ °¨µ¶ÇÏ¿¡ °æ¹üÁË »ç°Ç °°Àº ƯÁ¤ Çü»ç»ç°ÇÀ» ó¸®ÇÒ ±ÇÇÑÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¿µÀåÀ» ¹ßºÎÇÏ°í º¸¼®±ÝÀ» Á¤ÇÏ¸ç ¿¹ºñ½É»ç¸¦ ÁøÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
    ¸¸¾à ÇÇ°íÀÎÀÌ ÀÌ µ¿ÀǼ­¿¡ ¼­¸íÇÏ¿© Áö¹ýÆÇ»ç magistrate judge ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ç°ÇÀÌ Ã³¸®°¡ µÇ¸é ³ªÁß¿¡ Áö¹ýÆÇ»ç district Judge ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×¼Ò±ÇÀÌ ¾ø¾îÁý´Ï´Ù.
    °æ¹üÁË »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ Ä¡¾ÈÆÇ»çÀÇ ±ÇÇÑ°ú ±× ÀýÂ÷¿¡¼­ ÇÇ°íÀÎÀÇ ±Ç¸® ¹üÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áß¿äÇÑ ÁöħÀ» Á¦°øÇÏÁö¸¸ ¸ðµç °æ¹üÁË »ç°ÇÀÌ Ä¡¾ÈÆǻ翡°Ô 󸮸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ï ÀÌ ¼±ÅñÇÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »ç°Ç¿¡ Àû¿ëµÇ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
    ´ÙÀ½Àº Consent to Proceed Before a Magistrate Judge in a Misdemeanor Case °ü·Ã ÆÇ·ÊÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
    1. ±³ÅëÀ§¹Ý Traffic violations : °ú¼Ó speeding, ½ÅÈ£ À§¹Ý running a red light ¶Ç´Â ¹«¸éÇã ¿îÀü driving without a license °ú °°Àº ¸¹Àº ±³Åë À§¹Ý traffic violations Àº °æ¹üÁË misdemeanors ·Î ºÐ·ùµÇ°í  ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ À§¹ÝÀÇ ÇÇ°íÀÎÀº Magistrate Judge °¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »ç°ÇÀ» ½É¸®Çϵµ·Ï ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
    2. ¹«Áú¼­ Disorderly conduct : ¹«Áú¼­ÇÑ ÇàÀ§´Â magistrate judge ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ÁøÇàÇϱâ·Î µ¿ÀÇÇÏ´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ °æ¹üÁË misdemeanors ·Î¼­ ÀÌ ÇøÀÇ´Â ½Î¿ò fighting, ÆòÈ­¸¦ ¹æÇØ disturbing the peace Çϰųª À½¶õÇÑ ÇàÀ§¿¡ °¡´ã engaging in lewd conduct ÇÏ´Â °Í°ú °°Àº ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ Çൿ  a wide range of behaviors ¿¡ Àû¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
    3. °æ¹ÌÇÑ ¸¶¾à¹üÁË Minor drug offenses : ¼Ò·®ÀÇ ¸¶¸®È­³ª small amounts of marijuana ¶Ç´Â ¸¶¾à µµ±¸ drug paraphernalia ¸¦ ¼ÒÁö  possession ÇÑ °Í°ú °°Àº ÀϺΠ¸¶¾à ¹üÁË´Â °æ¹üÁË misdemeanors ·Î ºÐ·ùµÇ°í ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹üÁËÀÇ ÇÇ°íÀÎÀº magistrate judge °¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »ç°ÇÀ» ½É¸®Çϵµ·Ï ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

    ´ÙÀ½Àº ´ë¹ý¿øÀÇ Consent to Proceed Before a Magistrate Judge in a Misdemeanor Case °ü·Ã ÆÇ°áÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
    1. United States v. Raddatz (1986). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº Ä¡¾ÈÆǻ簡ÁßÁË»ç°ÇÀǽɸ®¸¦ÁøÇàÇϵµ·Ï to have a magistrate judge conduct a hearing in a felony case ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â ÇÇ°íÀǵ¿ÀÇ a defendant's consent °¡ Àû¹ýÀýÂ÷ÀÇ¿ä°ÇÀ»ÃæÁ·Çß´Ù was sufficient to satisfy the requirements of due process °í ÆÇ°áÇÔ. ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ÇÇ°íÀÎÀÌ Áö¹æ¹ý¿øÆÇ»çÀÇ »õ·Î¿î°ËÅ並¹ÞÀ»±Ç¸®°¡º¸Á¸µÇ´ÂÇÑ as long as the defendant's right to a de novo review by a district judge is preserved °æ¹üÁË»ç°Ç¿¡¼­´ç»çÀÚµéÀǵ¿ÀǸ¦¾ò¾î in misdemeanor cases with the consent of the parties ƯÁ¤ÀçÆÇÀüÀýÂ÷¸¦¼öÇàÇÒ¼öÀִ±ÇÇѺο© may be authorized to conduct certain pretrial proceedings ¸¦ Ä¡¾ÈÆÇ»ç a magistrate judge ¿¡°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÆÇ°á.
    2. Gomez v. United States (1989). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ¼öÁ¤Çå¹ýÁ¦6Á¶¿¡µû¸¥ under the Sixth Amendment ¹è½É¿øÀçÆÇ¿¡´ëÇÑÇÇ°íÀDZǸ® a defendant's right to a jury trial ´Â ÇÇ°í°¡Áö¹ýÆǻ翡´ëÇѱǸ®¸¦¾Ë°í¼­Æ÷±âÇÏ´ÂÇÑ as long as the defendant is informed of and waives the right to a district court judge Ä¡¾ÈÆǻ簡Áß¹üÁË»ç°Ç¿¡¼­À¯ÁËÀÎÁ¤½É¸®¸¦ÁøÇàÇϵµ·ÏÇã¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î½áħÇØ°¡µÇÁö
´Â¾Ê´Â´Ù is not violated by allowing a magistrate judge to conduct a guilty plea hearing in a felony case °í ÆÇ°áÇÔ.
    3.  Peretz v. United States (1991). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº Áö¹ýÆǻ簡»ç°Ç¿¡±Ã±ØÀûÀαÇÇÑÀ»À¯ÁöÇÏ´ÂÇÑ as long as the district court judge retained ultimate authority over the case, Ä¡¾ÈÆǻ簡ÇÇ°íÀÎÀǵ¿ÀǸ¦¾ò¾î°æ¹üÁËÀçÆÇÀ»ÇÒ¼öÀÖ´Ù a magistrate judge could preside over a misdemeanor trial with the defendant's consent °í ÆÇ°á.
    4. United States v. Williams(2002). ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ÇÇ°íÀÎÀÌÄ¡¾ÈÆÇ»ç¿ÍÀ¯ÁËÇù»óÁß¿¡º¯È£ÀÎÀ»¼±ÀÓÇұǸ® a defendant's right to counsel during plea bargaining with a magistrate judge ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´Ù·é °ÍÀ¸·Î, ´ë¹ý¿øÀº »ç°ÇÀÌ °æ¹üÁË ÇøÀÇ¿¡°ü·ÃµÈ°æ¿ì¶óµµ even if the case involves only misdemeanor charges ÇÇ°íÀÎÀÌÄ¡¾ÈÆÇ»ç¿ÍÀ¯ÁËÇù»óÁß¿¡º¯È£ÀÎÀ»¼±ÀÓÇұǸ®°¡ÀÖ´Ù a defendant has a right to counsel during plea negotiations with a magistrate judge °í ÆÇ°á.
    5. Alabama v. Shelton (2002). ÀÌ »ç°ÇÀº °æ¹üÁËÇü»çÀçÆÇ¿¡¼­ÇÇ°íÀÎÀǺ¯È£»ç¼±ÀӱǸ® a defendant's right to counsel during a misdemeanor criminal trial ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´Ù·é °ÍÀ¸·Î ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ¼öÁ¤Çå¹ýÁ¦6Á¶ the Sixth Amendment  ¿¡¼­ °æ¹üÁË»ç°ÇÀ»Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ including misdemeanor cases, ÇÇ°í°¡Â¡¿ª¿¡Ã³ÇØÁú°¡´É¼ºÀÌÀִ¸ðµç»ç°Ç¿¡¼­´Â in any case in which the defendant faces a potential term of imprisonment °¡³­ÇÑÇÇ°íÀÎ an indigent defendant À» À§ÇÑ º¯È£Àμ±ÀÓ the appointment of counsel À» ¿ä±¸ÇÑ´Ù°í ÆÇ°á.








AO 86A (Rev. 01/09) Consent to Proceed Before a Magistrate Judge in a Misdemeanor Case

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

for the

__________ District of __________


United States of America

v.

....................................................
Defendant


Case No. .....................................



CONSENT TO PROCEED BEFORE A MAGISTRATE JUDGE IN A MISDEMEANOR CASE


A United States magistrate judge has explained to me the nature of the charges against me and the maximum penalty that may be imposed on each charge if I am found guilty. The magistrate judge has also informed me of my right to a lawyer, my right to a jury trial, and my right to be tried, judged, and sentenced before either a United States district judge
or a United States magistrate judge.

I consent to being tried before a United States magistrate judge, and I waive my rights to trial, judgment, and sentencing by a United States district judge.

                                                                .......................................................
                                                                    Defendant¡¯s signature



Waiver of a Right to Trial by Jury


I waive my right to a jury trial.

                                                               
.......................................................
Defendant¡¯s signature



The United States consents to the jury-trial waiver:

.....................................................                                                 
Government representative¡¯s signature

                                                                 
.....................................................
Government representative¡¯s printed name and title



Waiver of a Right to Have 30 Days to Prepare for Trial


I waive my right to have 30 days to prepare for trial.


................................................                                     
Defendant¡¯s signature

   
.................................................                                                                 
Printed name of defendant¡¯s attorney (if any)       


.........................................
Signature of defendant¡¯s attorney (if any)


Date: ......................       

Approved by: ...........................................................
                  Magistrate Judge¡¯s signature













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