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 ±¹Á¦¹ý ¿¬±¸ÀÚ·á ¤Ñ ¹Ì±¹¹Î»ç¼Ò¼Û 22. Defendant¡¯s Answer to the Complaint
ÀÛ¼ºÀÚ  °ü¸®ÀÚ ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ   2022-02-01 03:12:24
ȨÆäÀÌÁö   ÷ºÎÆÄÀÏ   Ã·ºÎÆÄÀÏ ¾øÀ½
Defendant¡¯s Answer to the Complaint

Form Number: Pro Se 3

Category: Civil Pro Se Forms

Effective onDecember 1, 2016


2022³â 2¿ù 1ÀÏ ÇöÀç ¹Ì±¹ ¹ý¿ø¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÁßÀÎ ¹Î»ç¼Ò¼Û Defendant¡¯s Answer to the Complaint ¼­½ÄÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


    ¹Ì±¹ ¹ý¿ø¿¡¼­ ÇÇ°íÀǴ亯¼­ the Defendant's Answer to the Complaint ´Â ¿ø°í°¡ ÇÇ°íÀÇ ÇøÀǸ¦ ±â¼úÇØ ¹ý¿ø¿¡ Á¦ÃâÇÑ ¼ÒÀå¿¡ ÇÇ°í°¡ ´ë´äÇÏ´Â ¹ýÀû ¹®¼­ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
    ÇÇ°íÀÇ ´äº¯Àº ¿ø°íÀÇ ÇøÀÇÁÖÀå¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÀ´äÀÌÀÚ ÇøÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹æ¾î¸¦ ¹ý¿ø¿¡ Á¦½ÃÇÏ´Â ÀýÂ÷·Î  ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ ´Ü°èÀÌ¸ç ¿ø°íÀÇ ¼ÒÀåÀ» ¹ÞÀº ³¯·ÎºÎÅÍ 21 ~ 30ÀÏ ³»¿¡ ´äº¯¼­¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
    ´äº¯¼­¿¡´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¿ä¼Ò¸¦ ±âÀçÇÕ´Ï´Ù:
    1. Caption : ¹ý¿ø,»ç°Ç¹øÈ£¹×°ü·Ã´ç»çÀÚÀ̸§À»ÀÛ¼ºÇÕ´Ï´Ù identifies the court, the case number, and the names of the parties involved.
    2. Introduction : Á¦½ÃµÈ ÇøÀÇ allegations µéÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ admits Çϰųª ºÎÀÎ denies ÇÏ°í, ÇøÀÇÀÇÁø½Ç¿©ºÎ¸¦ÆÇ´ÜÇÒÃæºÐÇÑÁ¤º¸°¡¾ø´Ù´Â°ÍÀ»¸í½ÃÇÒ¼ö can state that they do not have sufficient information to form a belief as to the truth of the allegation ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
    3. Affirmative Defenses : ÇÇ°í´Â ÀÔÁõµÈ °æ¿ì if proven, ¿ø°íÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ» ¹«È¿È­ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±àÁ¤Àû¹æ¾î¸¦ÇÒ¼ö may raise affirmative defenses Àִµ¥, ±×°Í¿¡´Â ¼Ò¸ê½ÃÈ¿ statute of limitations , °üÇұǺÎÀç lack of jurisdiction, ±×¸®°í ÁÖÀåÀÇ»ç½ÇºÎÁ· failure to state a claim µîÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
    4. Counterclaims : ÇÇ°í´Â ¿ø°í¿¡°Ô¹Ý¼Òû±¸¸¦ÇÒ¼öµµ may also assert counterclaims against the plaintiff ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¹Ý¼Ò û±¸¶õ, ÇÇ°í°¡ ¿ø°íÀÇÁÖÀå°ú°°Àº°Å·¡¶Ç´Â»ç°Ç¿¡¼­¹ß»ýÇÑ arising out of the same transaction or occurrence that gave rise to the plaintiff's claim ÇÇ°íÀÇ Ã»±¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
    5. Prayer for Relief : ÇÇ°íÀÇ ´äº¯¼­´Â ±¸Á¦¹æ¾È prayer for relief À¸·Î ¸¶¹«¸® Çϴµ¥, ÇÇ°í°¡ ¹ý¿ø¿¡ ¿äûÇÏ´Â ³»¿ëÀ¸·Î, ¿ø°íÀÇû±¸¸¦±â°¢ dismiss the plaintiff's claims Çϰųª ¹Ý¼Òû±¸¿¡¼­ ÇÇ°í¿¡°Ô¼ÕÇعè»óÀ»Áö±ÞÇϵµ·Ï award damages to the defendant on their counterclaims ÇÏ´Â ¿äûÀ» ±âÀçÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

    ´ÙÀ½Àº ¹Ì±¹ ´ë¹ý¿øÀÇ "Defendant's Answer to the Complaint" ¹Î»ç¼Ò¼Û »ç·ÊÀÔ´Ï´Ù:
    1. Twombly v. Bell Atlantic Corp. (2007): ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ÇÇ°íÀÎ Bell Atlantic Corp.´Â ¿ø°íÀÎ Twombly°¡ ¿¬¹æ¹Ýµ¶Á¡¹ýÀ»À§¹ÝÇÏ¿© violation of federal antitrust laws ºÎ´ç°æÀïÇàÀ§¸¦Çß´Ù had engaged in anticompetitive behavior ´Â ÁÖÀå¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´äº¯¼­¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇß°í, ¿ø°íÀÇ Ã»±¸°¡ ±â°¢ ´çÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â À§Çؼ­ ¾î´À Á¤µµÀÇ »ó¼¼ÇÑ ÁÖÀåÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑÁö¸¦ ´Ù·ë The case raised issues related to the level of detail required in a plaintiff's complaint to survive a motion to dismiss.
    2. Ashcroft v. Iqbal (2009): ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­  ÇÇ°íÀÎ Àü ¹Ì±¹¹ý¹«Àå°ü former Attorney General of the United States, John Ashcroft ´Â ¿ø°íÀÎ ÆÄÅ°½ºÅº Ãâ½ÅÀÇ ¹«½½¸² ½Ã¹Î Javaid Iqbal ÀÇ ÀÎÁ¾¹×Á¾±³Â÷º° racial and religious discrimination ÁÖÀå¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ´äº¯¼­¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇß°í, Á¤ºÎ°íÀ§°ø¹«¿øÀÌ°ø¹«Áß¿¡ÃëÇÑÇൿÀ¸·Î¾ó¸¶³ªÃ¥ÀÓÀ»Á®¾ßÇÏ´ÂÁö The case raised issues regarding the extent to which high-level government officials can be held liable for actions taken during the course of their official duties. ¸¦ ´Ù·ë.
    3. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes (2011): ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ÇÇ°íÀÎ Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.´Â ¿©·¯ ¿©¼ºÁ¾¾÷¿øµéÀÌ È¸»ç°¡ ¼ºÂ÷º° gender discrimination À» Çß´Ù´Â ÁÖÀå¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´äº¯¼­¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇß°í, Â÷º° ¼Û¿¡¼­¿ø°í´ë¸®ÀÎÀÇÀÎÁõ ¹®Á¦ The case raised issues related to the certification of a class of plaintiffs in a discrimination lawsuit ¸¦ ´Ù·ë.
    4. Comcast Corp. v. Behrend (2013): ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ÇÇ°íÀÎ Comcast Corp.´Â ¿ø°íÀÎ Behrend°¡ ¿¬¹æ¹Ýµ¶Á¡¹ý violation of federal antitrust laws À» À§¹ÝÇÏ¿© ºÎ´ç°æÀïÇàÀ§  anticompetitive behavior ¸¦ Çß´Ù´Â ÁÖÀå¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´äº¯¼­¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇß°í, ÀÌ »ç°ÇÀº ´Üü¼Ò¼Û¿¡¼­¼ÕÇعè»óÀÌ°øÅëÀû¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î°è»êµÉ¼öÀÖ´ÂÁö The case raised issues related to the requirement that damages in a class action lawsuit be capable of calculation based on a common methodology ¸¦ ´Ù·ë.
    5. United States v. Texas (2016): ÀÌ »ç°Ç¿¡¼­ ÇÇ°íÀÎ Texas ´Â Åػ罺À¯±ÇÀڽźÐÁõ¹ý Texas's voter ID law ÀÇ ÇÕÇ强¿¡ ÀÌÀǸ¦ Á¦±âÇÑ ¹Ì ¹ý¹«ºÎÀÇ ÁÖÀå¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÏ¿© ´äº¯¼­¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇß°í, ÀÌ¿¡ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ÅõÇ¥°üÇàÀ»±ÔÁ¦ÇÒ¼öÀÖ´ÂÁÖÀDZÇÇѹüÀ§¿Í ±×·¯ÇѱÔÁ¦°¡ ¼Ò¼öÀÚÅõÇ¥±Ç¿¡¹ÌÄ¡´Â¿µÇâ The case raised issues related to the extent of a state's power to regulate voting practices and the impact of such regulations on minority voting rights  ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´Ù·ë.





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