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 ±¹Á¦¹ý ¿¬±¸ÀÚ·á ¤Ñ ¹Ì±¹¹Î»ç¼Ò¼Û 2. Notice, Consent, and Reference of a Dispositive Motion to a Magi
ÀÛ¼ºÀÚ  °ü¸®ÀÚ ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ   2021-09-16 20:48:01
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Form Number: AO 85A
Category: Civil Forms
Effective on February 1, 2017
Notice, Consent, and Reference of a Dispositive Motion to a Magistrate Judge



    Magistrate Judge ÀÇ Ã³ºÐ¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÏ´Â ÅëÁö, µ¿ÀÇ, ¹× ȸºÎ Notice, Consent, and Reference of a Dispositive Motion to a Magistrate Judge ¿¡ À־ ¾à½ÄÀçÆǽÅû motion for summary judgment °ú °°Àº óºÐ½Åû dispositive motion À» ¿¬¹æ¹ý¿ø¿¡ in federal court ½Åû ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
    ÀÌ ÀýÂ÷´Â ¿¬¹æ ¹Î»ç ¼Ò¼Û¹ý 72(b) Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 72(b) ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ  ±ÔÀ²µÇ¸ç governed, district judge ´Â ´ç»çÀÚÀÇ µ¿ÀÇ¿¡ µû¶ó º¸°í ¹× Á¦¾È report and recommendation À» ¹Þ±â À§ÇØ Magistrate Judge ¿¡°Ô ó¸® µ¿ÀǸ¦ ȸºÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ±ÔÁ¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ±ÔÄ¢Àº ¶ÇÇÑ ´ç»çÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÅëÁö¿Í ÀÌÀǸ¦ Á¦±âÇÒ ±âȸ opportunity to object. ¸¦ Á¦°øÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
    Àü¹ÝÀûÀ¸·Î Magistrate Judge ¸¦ È°¿ëÇÏ¿© óºÐ ½ÅûÀ» 󸮠 handle dispositive motions ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº »ç°ÇÀ» °ü¸® manage a case ÇÏ°í ¹ýÀû ºÐÀïÀÇ È¿À²ÀûÀÎ ÇØ°áÀ» ÃËÁøÇÏ´Â promote efficient resolution of legal disputes È¿°úÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ý effective way ÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

    ´ÙÀ½ ¿ä°ÇÀ» ÀÌÇØÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
    1. ÅëÁö Notice : ¿¬¹æ¹Î»ç¼Ò¼Û±ÔÄ¢ Federal Rules of Civil Procedure ¿¡ µû¶ó ´ç»çÀڴ ƯÁ¤±ä±Þµ¿ÀÇ certain emergency motions ¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í ¸ðµç µ¿ÀǸ¦ ´Ù¸¥ ´ç»çÀڵ鿡°Ô ½Åû û¹®È¸ hearing on the motion ÃÖ¼Ò 14ÀÏ ÀüÀ̳ª, û¹®È¸°¡ ¿¹Á¤µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº °æ¿ì ½Åû¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´äº¯ ¸¶°¨ÀÏ ÀÌÀü¿¡ ÅëÁöÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÅëÁö¼­¿¡´Â µ¿ÀǼ­ »çº»°ú ºÎ¼Ó¼­·ùµéÀÌ Ã·ºÎµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
    2. µ¿ÀÇ Consent : ¸ðµç ´ç»çÀÚ°¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì Magistrate Judge ´Â ¾à½ÄÀçÆǽÅû motion for summary judgment À» ½É¸®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. À̸¦ À§ÇØ ¸ðµç ´ç»çÀÚÀÇ µ¿ÀǼ­¸¦ ¹ý¿ø¿¡ Á¦ÃâÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
    3. ȸºÎ Reference : ¸ðµç ´ç»çÀÚµéÀÌ Magistrate Judge ÀÇ Ã³ºÐ ½Åû¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é District judge ¿¡°Ô ȸºÎµË´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª District judge °¡ ÇØ´ç ½ÅûÀÌ Magistrate Judge ¿¡°Ô ÀûÇÕÇÏ´Ù°í ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì, º¸°í ¹× Á¦¾È report and recommendation À» ¹Þ±â À§Çؼ­ ÇØ´ç ½ÅûÀ» Magistrate Judge ¿¡°Ô ȸºÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í ±×·¯¸é Magistrate Judge ´Â ½ÅûÀ» ½É¸®ÇÏ°í ÃÖÁ¾ °áÁ¤À» ³»¸± District judge ¿¡°Ô º¸°í ¹× Á¦¾È report and recommendation À» ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
        ÃßõÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö¸é Magistrate Judge ´Â ¹ßÀǸ¦ °í·Á consider the motion ÇÏ°í District judge ¿¡°Ô º¸°í¼­¿Í Ãßõ¼­¸¦ ¹ßÇà issue a report and recommendation Çϸç, District judge ´Â º¸°í¿Í Á¦¾ÈÀ» °ËÅäÇÏ°í ÃÖÁ¾ °áÁ¤À» ³»¸³´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ÀýÂ÷´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¹Î»ç»ç°Ç civil cases, ƯÈ÷ º¹ÀâÇÑ ¹ýÀû ¹®Á¦ complex legal issues ¶Ç´Â »ç½ÇÀû ¹®Á¦  factual issues°¡ °ü·ÃµÈ °æ¿ì¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ°í, Çü»ç»ç°Ç criminal cases ¿¡¼­ ƯÁ¤ ÀçÆÇ Àü ½Åû certain pretrial motions ¿¡¼­µµ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.

    Notice, Consent, and Reference of a Dispositive Motion to a Magistrate Judge °¡ Àû¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç°ÇÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°½À´Ï´Ù.
    1. ´ç»çÀÚ°¡ ½ÇÁúÀû »ç½ÇÀïÀÇ°¡ ¾øÀ½ absence of any genuine dispute of material fact À» ÀÌÀ¯·Î °øÆDZⰢ dismissed before trial À» û±¸ÇÏ´Â ¾à½ÄÀçÆǽÅû»ç°Ç motion for summary judgment.
    2. ´ç»çÀÚ°¡ ±¸Á¦ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â relief can be granted û±¸¸¦ Áø¼úÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¼­ ±â°¢ dismissed for failure to state a claim À» ±¸ÇÏ´Â ±â°¢½Åû motion to dismiss »ç°Ç.
    3. Çü»çÇÇ°íÀÎ a criminal defendant ÀÌ ÇÇ°íÀÎÀÇ Çå¹ý»ó ±Ç¸®¸¦ ħÇØÇÏ¿©¼­ ÃëµæÇÑ Áõ°Å¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â exclude evidence that was obtained in violation of the defendant's constitutional rights Áõ°Å±ÝÁö½Åû motion to suppress evidence »ç°Ç.

    ¹Ì±¹ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº »ç¹ý°æÁ¦ judicial economy ÀÇ Á߿伺°ú »ç°Ç½Å¼ÓÇذẸÀåÇʿ伺 the need to ensure that cases are resolved expeditiously À» °­Á¶ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¶ÇÇÑ ¼Ò¼Û´ç»çÀÚ°¡°øÁ¤ÇÑÀçÆÇÀ»¹ÞÀ»±Ç¸® litigants have a right to a fair trial °¡ ÀÖ°í, ±×µéÀDZǸ®º¸È£ their rights are protected º¸ÀåÀÇ Á߿伺µµ ÀÎÁöÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ Áö¹æ¹ý¿øµé district courts Àº ´ç»çÀÚµéÀǵ¿ÀÇÇÑ°æ¿ì³ªÈ¤Àºµ¿ÀǸ¦¹ÞÁö¾ÊÀº°æ¿ì¿¡´ÂÁß´ëÇÑ¿¬¹æ¹®Á¦¸¦Á¦±âÇÏ
Áö¾Ê´Â but only if the parties have consented to such a referral or if the motion does not raise a substantial federal question Á¶°ÇÀ¸·Î º¸°í¹×±Ç°í¸¦À§ÇØÄ¡¾ÈÆǼ­¿¡°ÔÆÇ°á±ÇÀ»À̾çÇÒ¼öÀÖ´Ù may refer dispositive motions to magistrate judges for a report and recommendation °í °áÁ¤ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.


    ´ÙÀ½Àº ¹Ì±¹ ´ë¹ý¿øÀÇ Notice, Consent, and Reference of a Dispositive Motion to a Magistrate Judge ÅëÁö, µ¿ÀÇ ¹× Ä¡¾ÈÆǻ翡À̾ç°áÁ¤ ȸºÎ¿¡ °ü·ÃµÈ ÆÇ·ÊÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ °ÇÀ¸·Î´Â ´ë¹ý¿ø±îÁö °¡´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¾ø¾î ÀϺΰ¡ ÀοëµÈ ÆÇ·ÊÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
    1. United States v. Raddatz, 447 U.S. 667 (1980): Prior to his trial on federal criminal charges, respondent moved to suppress certain incriminating statements he had made to police officers and federal agents. Over objections, the District Court referred the motion to a Magistrate for an evidentiary hearing pursuant to a provision of the Federal Magistrate Act, 28 U.S.C. 636 (b) (1), which authorizes a district court to refer such a motion to a magistrate and thereafter to determine and decide such motion based on the record developed before the magistrate, including the magistrate's proposed findings of fact and recommendations. Section 636 (b) (1) also provides that the judge shall make a "de novo determination" of those portions of the magistrate's report, findings, or recommendations to which objection is made, and that the judge may accept, reject, or modify, in whole or in part, the magistrate's findings or recommendations; alternatively the judge may receive further evidence or recommit the matter to the magistrate with instructions. Based on his view of the credibility of the testimony at the hearing on respondent's motion, the Magistrate found that respondent had knowingly, intelligently, and voluntarily made the inculpatory statements and recommended that the motion to suppress be denied. Over respondent's objections to the Magistrate's report, the District Court accepted the recommendation and denied the motion to suppress, stating that it had considered the transcript of the Magistrate's hearing, the parties' proposed findings of fact, conclusions of law, and supporting memoranda, the Magistrate's recommendation, and oral argument of counsel. Respondent was then tried and convicted, but the Court of Appeals reversed, holding, inter alia, that respondent had been deprived of due process by the District Court's failure personally to hear the controverted testimony on the motion to suppress.
    2. Mallard v. District Court, 490 U.S. 296 (1989):
Mallard v. United States District Court
No. 87-1490
Argued February 28, 1989
Decided May 1, 1989
490 U.S. 296
CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT
Petitioner Mallard, an attorney recently admitted to practice before the District Court, was selected to represent indigent inmates in their suit in that court against prison officials under 42 U.S.C. ¡× 1983. After a Magistrate denied his motion to withdraw, he appealed to the District Court, contending that forcing him to represent indigent inmates in a complex action requiring trial skills he did not possess would compel him to violate his ethical obligation to take on only those cases he could handle competently and would exceed the court's authority under 28 U.S.C. ¡× 1915(d), which provides that federal courts may "request" an attorney to represent any person claiming in forma pauperis status. The court upheld the Magistrate's decision, ruling, inter alia, that ¡× 1915(d) empowers federal courts to make compulsory appointments in civil actions. The Court of Appeals denied without opinion Mallard's petition for a writ of mandamus to compel the District Court to allow his withdrawal.



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